Motor analyzer



Oct. 30, 1951 W w LOGAN 2,573,208

MOTOR ANALYZER Filed May 2, 1946 l1 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR W. W. LOGAN MOTOR ANALYZER Oct. 30,l 1951 ll Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 2, 1946 INVENTOR MLL/A/WaGA/v BY y 7ATT NEYS OC. 30, 1951 w W QGAN 2,573,208

MOTOR ANALYZER Filed May 2, 1946 l1 Sheets-Sheet 3 i INVENTOR /MfuLA/o/y MAL/4M WZaGA/v BY 9L ATTO NEYS Oct. 30, 1951 W VW LOGAN 2,573,208

MOTOR ANALYZER Filed May 2, 1946 ll Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR Oct. 30, 1951 W. W LOGAN 2,573,208

MOTOR ANALYZER Filed May 2, 1946 ll Sheets-Sheet 5 ATI RNEYS W. w.' LOGAN 2,573,208

MOTOR ANALYZEJR ll Sheets-Sheet 6 Oct. 30, 195] Filed May 2, 1946 N INVENTOR gr Mum/7 Wlaw/v BY QI' l AT1- NEYS ll Sheets-Sheet 7 W. W. LOGAN MOTOR ANALYZER Oct. 30, 1951 Filed May 2, 194e INVENTOR ifi/ L /4/7 Wlaw/v BY ATTO* EYS Oct. 30, 1951 W W, LOGAN 2,573,208

MOTOR ANALYZEZR Filed May 2, 1946 l1 Sheets-Sheet 8 K INVENTOR gf BWM/ AM Wlan/v Oc't. 30, 1951 w. w. LOGAN 2,573,208

MOTOR ANALYZER Flled May 2, 1946 ll Sheets-Sheet S3v AT RNEYS NEYS INVENTOR MLU/vf Wl@ BY ll Sheets-Sheet lO W. W. LOGAN MOTOR ANALYZER Oct. 30, 1951 Flled May 2 1946 W. W. LOGAN MOTOR ANALYZER Oct. 30, 1951 ll Sheets-Sheet ll Filed May 2, 1946 INVENTOR /4/7 WL @GA/v CX74@ ATTMS Mu BY Patented Oct. 30, v1951l MOTOR ANALYZER William W. Logan, East Orange, N. J., assigner,

by mesne assignments, to Atlas Supply Company, Newark, N. J., a corporation of Delaware Application May 2, 1946, Serial No. 666,786

Claims. (Cl. 175-183) This invention relates to improvements in motor analyzers, such as are used to test automobile or other internal combusition engines in order to determine what adjustments, repairs, and replacements are advisible and to aid in tuning up engine performance.

Various motor analyzers are known and used in the prior art. They have been developed as portable apparatus, to make many tests on different parts of the same motor. For example in tune up work, one wants to test the condition of the condenser, the operation of the breaker points, the timing of such operation, the high and low tension windings of the ignition coil, the spark plugs, and the nature of the exhaust gas. to indicate needed items of the tune up work. These are some but not all of the tests used. They are very common ones. Diierent kinds of test circuits are in use to make the named tests. Prior art motor analyzers used to make these tests, considering them as examples, are expensive, difncult to use properly, and liable to expensive damage by misuse.

The purpose of the invention is to lower the cost of an efficient motor analyzer, make it easier to use properly, and provide a form less liable to damage from misuse. The comparison is with motor analyzers of the prior art now in use. The Way the motor analyzer is improved pertains to the interlocking of test circuits and to an associated lamp indicating system with the result, among others, that test circuits will not be damaged in the old way, workmen will be induced to use the analyzer in the proper way and the testing work may be done with less training required to make proper use of this motor analyzer as compared to 'others of the prior art.

A particular purpose of the invention is to provide a motor analyzer adapted for wide use at retail filling stations. The idea is to facilitate good motor tune up work and prompt correction of minor motor trouble by attendants at these stations. Other troubles will :be located by the tests and the major ones referred for later attention. This plan for service station work, will be related to some of the features seen from the detailed disclosure.

An example of the improved motor analyzer and the way to make and use the invention is shown from the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the cabinet containing the motor analyzer of this invention;

Fig. 2 is a front elevational View of the instrument panel on the cabinet;

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional View of one of the meters mounted on the instrument panel, showing the scale signaling means including signal lamps for the meter;

Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 are top plan, sectional elevational, end elevational, and bottom plan views, respectively, of a typical form of gang switch for use with the invention;

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are views showing the various forms of test leads for use with the invention;

Fig. ll is a wiring diagram showing three coordinated test circuits for engine speed, point dwell and condenser tests, respectively;

Figs. 12, 13, 14 and 15 are wiring diagrams showing only such portions of the circuits of Fig'. l1 as are respectively energized during the adjustment of the condenser test apparatus, and during the capacity, leakage and resistance tests;

Fig. 16 is a wiring diagram showing only such portions of Fig. 11 as are energized during the engine speed test;

Fig. 17 is a wiring diagram showing only such portions of the circuits of Fig. l1 as are energized during the point dwell test; and

Fig. 18 is a wiring diagram showing another embodiment of the invention in three coordinated circuits for an ignition coil and secondary ignition circuit test, a voltage test and an exhaust gas test.

The motor analyzer of the example illustrated, includes a portable cabinet I on casters 2. It can be drawn alongside of an automobile and it carries with it all the things wanted for testing work as will be explained. The lower part contains a storage battery 3 and has a work shelf 4 at convenient height. The upper part displays the large instrument panel 5 oi Fig. 2, and the test circuits and their parts are contained within the cabinet back of the panel. This indicates the analyzer generally.

Mounted on the panel 5 (Fig. 2) are two meters 6 and 1. Each one is used with a chosen group of test circuits. AThe group chosen for use with meter 6 on the left side of panel 5 will be described first. This meter 6 is used in connection with three sets of test circuits as follows: a first set of circuits for testing the capacity, leakage and series resistance of the condenser of the ignition system; a second set of circuits, containing an electric tachometer, for testing engine speed, and a third set of circuits for testing the dwell of the breaker points in the distributor housing. The panel 5, below meter 6, is marked oi as indicated to show various appliances associated with each set of test circuits. For the condenser test there are terminals 8 and 9 of the spring clip type to which the terminals of a condenser may be attached, a rotatable handle I for operating a gang switch to be described, and a rotatable handle II for operating an adjusting device, such as a variable resistor, to be laterdescribed.' For the engine speed test, there are sockets I2 and I3 to'receive the plug terminals, such as III (Fig. 9), of high tension lead wires, such as I5, which are respectively adapted to be connected to any engine spark plug and to the ground. For the point dwell test, there is a receptacle I6 having sockets II and I8 to receive the" prong terminals, such as I9 and 20 of a plug, at oneend of lead wires, such as 2| and 2i (Fig. 8), which at their other ends have spring clip terminals 22. The plug also includes a non-conducting rod 23 for a purpose to :be described. There is also a rotatable knob 22 for operating anv adjusting deviceand a handle 25 ior operating a switch to set the circuits in either adjusting or testing position.

Associated with the engineV speed and point dwell test circuits are'gan'g switches. One suitable form of switch, adapted for the point dwell test, is shown in Figs. 4, 5, 6 andV 7. It includes a frame 2d having a pluralityof. terminal bolts 25 arranged in opposed'pairs, anda slider 25 (Fig. 'containing'a'plurality otspring pressed contacts 2, each adapted to connect two opposed terminal boltsr 25 by engaging the heads thereof. A spring 28 tends to hold the 'slider'26 in the one position shown. The slider is moved against this spring to its otherposition by a rod 25', the outer end of which is engaged by the non-conducting rod 23 on the plugwhe'n the prongs I9 and 2o are inserted. in the sockets Il and I8 ofy receptacle IE-the rod 23 entering a hole 2.5" in the Vreceptacle. The rod 23 isheld in'place in the receptacle by a spring pressed ball 2l (Fig. 6) which engages in a groove 2B in r'od. 23,. (Fig. 8). The gang switch for the. engine speed test may be of similar construction and operated to move its slider against its spring when the plug I4 on the spark plug leadwire isiinserted in the socket I2.

The meter Eis a'd'irect current voltmeterv of the DArsonval. type. It. has three scale bands 2.9, 39 and; 3l (Figs. Ziand 3), which may each have one or more scales and which are respectively graduated appropriately for the condensenengine speed and point. dwell tests. These. bands 29, 30 and 3 I are respectively arranged with electric signal lamps 32 33. and 34. (Fig. 3), ccntained in box-like compartments. 35, 35v and 31, respectively. The lamp in each compartment throws its light against one scaleband only, that one covering the front ofitscompartment. These lamps signal when their` respective tests are in operation, as will later appear. The meter. is heavily damped toavoid uctuation of its pointer. This may be doneby any. suitable meanswhich in the present case include aV condenser 2.9 (Fig. 11) bridged acrossthemeter terminals. Inf eluded in series in thebridging circuitis a. choke coil 3U', the purpose ofwhich is to. excludefrom the meter radio` frequency currents, particularly in the condenser resistance test and speed test.

The three sets of test circuits associated with meter t are shown. completely in diagrammatical form in Fig. ll. Each set of circuits has a gang switch for putting it and its signal lamp into operation and preventing operation of morefj than one test circuit andsignal lamp at. one. time. The gang switch for. thecondenser testisrepref-y sented by a series of rotatable blades 38, 39, 40, lll, 42 and 43, which as indicated by the vertical dotted line 44 are interconnected to be simultaneously moved by the handle I0 of Fig. 2. Each of these blades is movable to iive positions which are in each case, except in the case of blade 38, represented by the circular series of five contacts shown, see the'instrumerit panelv of Fig. 2. Switch blade 33 is engageable with an arc-shaped contact 45 when knob IIJ is in either its second, third, fourth or fth positions. The ve positions may, for example, be designated on the instrument panel lllas ofi adjust capacity, leakage and resistance This gang switch is shown in ofi position in Fig. 11. No parts ci any condenser test circuit are then operative. The meter 5 is out oi" circuit and the signal lamp 32 is unlighted. This gang switch is brought into opera- .tion by turning knob I0 to its second, third,

fourth or iifth position for the Various purposes and condenser. tests. to. be later. described.

The gang switch, associated with the engine speed test circuitsA is. diagrammatically shown by a series of pivoted blades (lo, 4l., 45E, 4Q. and 5.5, which as indicated by the vertical dotted line 5I, are interconnected ior. simultaneous. operation. This gang, switch is. shown in its off position. When the plug I of test lead I5 is inserted into socket I2, the, gang. switch will be moved to its other and on position. With this second gang switch in 01T position, no parts of theV engine speed testv circuit are. operative, the meter 6 is out of circuit, and thesignal larnp33 is unlighted.

The gang switch, associated with the point dwell test circuits, is diagrammatically repre.- sented by a seriesof pivoted switch blades 52, 5.3, 5ft, 55, 55 and 51, which as indicated by the. vertical dotted line. 58, are interconnected for simultaneous operation. This gang switch is also shown in its oit position in which no parts of the point dwell test circuits are operative, the meter S isdisconnected. and the signal lamp @t is unlighted. This gang switch is moved to its other and .on. position by the rod 2,3 when inserted in thehole 26. at the same time that the prongs I9 and.2Il -of thetest leads 2I. andZI' are inserted in thesockets I'I andv IBof receptacle. I3.

Also. used with either thecondenser or the engine speedtest circuitsisa transformer consistingV of primary, and secondary. windings. 59 and E5, a vibrator 5I, movable. between contacts 62 and 63, connectedone. to one end and'theother to the other end ottheprimary, and an electromagnet 64. for actuating thevlibrator. and. connected between. the. contact4 62. and the vibrator. This transformenwill step up the voltage as ap.- plied from battery.V 3A and transform the direct current into. alternating current.

Used either withy thecondenser test circuits or thepoint dwell testcircuitsis a. triode 55 hav-ing plate 66, grid 6] and heatinglament Iforming the cathode. This device functions as a rectier and-prevents the passage. oivonev half of `each al'- ternating vcurrent wave.' The triode also functions'as. an amplifier to. sustain oscillations in a tuned. circuit in. connection with. the condenser resistance test as will later appear. The triode also functionsas. a polarity sensitive deviceV in connection. with. the. point dwell testjto diiierentiate between a condition. where the points are closed and a condition,wherethepoints areropen.

Usedfonly with the speed. test are af full wave rectifier 69, the two plates 'I0 of which are. connected. one tdeach e'ndcfthe' secondaryt ofthe transformer. A condenserfILis-connected across these plates and across the ends of secondary 60. The cathode 12 is heated by the filament 13. The purpose of this device is to rectify the alternating current wave impressed on it by the secondary 69. Also used lwith the speed test is a gas-filled, voltage-regulator tube 'I4 having terminals 'Z5 and l0. The function of this tube is to maintain a constant voltage across its terminals. A third tube used with the speed test is a gaseous tetrode having plate 18, cathode '|9, heating lament 89, control grid 8|, and shielding grid 82-the latter being electrically connected to the cathode.

These various sets of test circuits are interlocked so that no more than one can be used at a time and so that the various elements described-such as meter, transformer, triode, rectifier, Voltage regulator and tetrode are brought into circuit when needed. The various signal lamp circuits are interlocked so that not more than one signal lamp can be lighted at a time and so that the lighting of each lamp signals that the test circuit with which it is associated has been rendered operative. Since the sets of test circuits are interrelated, the invention will best be understood by tracing these circuits with reference to Fig. 11 to show how each circuit is brought into play and how those of the above named elements necessary to each test are included in the circuit, and how the interlocking of both test circuits and signal lamp circuit is eiected.

Assume that the condenser to be tested is connected to the terminals 8 and 9. Assume also that the gang switches for the engine speed and point dwell tests are in their normal off positions as illustrated and that the handle |0 is turned to either its second, third, fourth or fifth position. The engagement of switch 38 with contact 45 will close a circuit to signal lamp 32, a circuit to the primary 59 of the transformer, and a circuit to the heater 58 of triode 65. This lamp circuit may be traced as followS-from the positive terminal of battery 3 by wire 83, terminal 84, switch 52, contact 85, wire 86. terminal 81, switch 45, contact 88, wire 89, switch 38, contact 45, wire 90, lamp 32, and wire 9| to the negative terminal of battery 3. The circuit to the primary 59 is the same as for lamp 32 as far as wire 90 and then extends through a wire 92, a rheostat 93, wire 94, contact 95, switch 48, terminal 95, wires 91 and 98 to the mid point of the primary 59 of the transformer and thence through the vibrator and wires 99 and |00 and part of wire 9| to the negative terminal of the battery. The triode is activated by connecting its heating filament 88 to the battery 3. The circuit from the battery is traced as before through closed switches 52, 46 and 38, wires 90 and 92, rheostat 93, and wire 94 as far as a lwire |0| and thence by the latter to contact |02, switch 54, terminal |03, wires |04 and |05 to one terminal of larnent B8 and from the other terminal of the latter to return wires 99, |00 and 9| to the negative terminal of battery 3. It will be seen that the opening of switch 38 by the hand-operated means |0 will cause signal lamp 32 to be extinguished, the primary 59 of the transformer to be deenergized and the triode 55 to be deactivated. It will also be seen that either switch 46 or 52 will be opened if the gang switches for the engine speed or for the point dwell tests, respectively, are actuated by the insertion of plug I4 into socket l2 or of prongs I9 and 20 into sockets and I8, respectively, of receptacle |6.

6 Both the engine speed and point dwell tests thus dominate the condenser test. Hence, if one plugs in a test lead or leads to start either the engine speed test or the point dwell test 4without first opening the switch 38, the condenser test circuit and its signal lamp will automatically be rendered inoperative. And the dominating test circuit, Which caused the condenser test circuit to become inoperative, will be rendered operative. The meter 8 is connected to the condenser test circuit as follows: from the positive terminal of the meter by a wire |96, terminal |01, switch 56, contact |08, wire |09, terminal ||0, switch 50, contact wire i2 to switch 90 of the condenser test gang switch. The negative terminal of the meter is connected by a Wire ||3 to the grid 6T of triode B5. The negative terminal of the meter is also connected by a wire ||4, leading from wire ||3 and extending to terminal ||5 of switch 55 and the contact H5 of this switch is connected by wire ||l to terminal ||8 of switch 49. This switch 49v engages a contact ||9 which is connected by a wire |25 to a condenser |2| and the latter is connected by a wire |22 to the fifth contact |23 of switch 39. The plate 66 of the triode 55 is connected to the condenser test circuit by wires |24 and |25, which connect with the fifth or resistance test contact |26 of switch 43. Plate 06 is also connected by wires |24 and |27 and an inductance |28 to the switch 39. The cathode 58 is connected to the condenser test circuit by wire 99 and a wire |29 leading to the fifth or resistance test contact |30 of switch 4|. It will be clear that if either the gang switch for the engine speed test or that for the point dwell test is actuated while the gang switch for the condenser test is in on position, the opening of switches 49 and 50 or 55 and 56 will open the circuit between the meter and the condenser test circuit. The secondary 50 of the transformer is connected to the condenser test circuits as follows-from the mid point of the secondary by a wire |3I, contact |32, switch 5l, terminal |33, and a wire |34 which leads to the condenser test circuit. One end terminal of the secondary 60 is connected by a wire |35 to the condenser test circuit. The arrangement is such that the secondary 55 is automatically disconnected from the condenser test circuits by the opening of switch 5l if the gang switch for the point dwell test circuits is moved to on position while the gang switch for the condenser test circuits is still in on position.

Considering next the engine speed test circuits and assuming that its gang switch has been moved to its upper and on position by the insertion cf plug |4 in socket l2 and that the other two gang switches are in their off positions shown, the signal lamp 33 will be lighted; the primary 59 of the transformer will be energized; the rectifier 53, voltage regulator 'a'l and tetrode 'il' will be put into action; and the meter 5 will be connected into the engine speed test circuit. The circuit for the signal lamp 33 may be traced as follows-from the positive terminal of the battery 3 by wire 83, terminal 34, switch 52, contact 85, wires 86 and |35, contact |33?, switch 47, terminal |38, Wires |39 and 91, terminal 95, switch 8, contact |40, and wires I4! and |42 to one terminal of lamp 33 and from the other terminal of the latter by a wire |43 and a part of wire 9| to the negative terminal of battery 3. The respective filaments 'I3 and 80 of rectifier i0 and tetrode 'H are connected in parallel with lamp 33 so as to be energized coincidentally therewith. This is ac- 'atrasos complished by a wireV |42 which connects one terminal of both laments 13 and 8|! to wire |42 and by a wire |43' which connects the other terminal of both said filaments to the wire |29 and through a portion of the latter to wire li and thence by the latter and a part of wire 9| to wire |43. The circuit for the primary 59 of the transformer may .be traced as follows-starting from the positive terminal of battery 3 by wire 83, terminal 84, switch 52, contact 55, wires 85 and |36, contact |31, switch 41,` terminal |38, and Wires |39 and 98 to the mid point of primary 53 and thence through the vibrator and Wires 35, and part of wire Sl to the negative terminal of the battery. The positive terminal of meter 5 is connected to the engine speed test circuit as follows-by wire |55, terminal |01, switch 5G, con,- tact |88, wire |09, terminal ||,.switch 55, contact |44, and a wire |45 tothe engine speed test circuit. |The negative terminal of the meter is connected to the engine speed test circuit as follows-by wire H3 as far as wire H4, wire H4, terminal H5, switch 55, contact H5, Wire H1, terminal H3, switch 45, contact |45, and wire |41 tof the engine speed test circuit. It will be seen that if while the gang switch for the engine speedtest circuit is in its on position, the gang switch for the point dwell test is moved to its on position, the engine speed test circuit will be rendered inoperative and the point dwell test will be rendered operative. In particular, the opening of switch 52 will open the circuit to signal lamp 33, the circuit to the heating filaments of tubes 5S and 11 and the circuit to primary 59 of the transformer, and the meter 6 will be cut out of the engine speed test circuit by the disengagement of switches 55 and 55 from contacts i l5 and |58, respectively. The point dwell test circuit thus dominates the engine speed test circuit. Now, assume that the gang switch for the point dwell test is in its off position while the gang switch for the engine speed test remains in on position. If the handle l@ is turned to any of its four on positions, the condenser test circuit cannot be rendered operative. The battery 3 is disconnected from signal lamp 32 and from filament 68 of triode 55 and the primary 55 of the transformer is disconnected from the condenser test circuit because switch 46 is open. The meter 6 is disconnected from the condenser test circuit because the switches i5 and 55 have been disen- F gaged from their respective contacts H9 and |i|.

Considering next the point dwell test circuit and assuming that its gang switch has been moved to its upper and "on position by the insertion of prongs i9 and 2B in the sockets l1 and I8 of receptacle i5 and that the gang switches for the engine speed test and the condenser test are in their lower and ofi positions, the signal lamp 34 will be lighted, the triode 55 will be acti.- vated by the heating of filament 55, the meter 5 will be connected to the point dwell test circuit and the latter will be rendered operative. The circuit for signal lamp 34 may be traced asv follows-from the positive terminal of battery 3 by wire 83 as far as wire |43, through the latter, contact |49, switch terminal |55, wires |51 and |54, terminal |53, switch 54, contact |52, and a Wire |53 to one terminal of lamp 34 and from the other terminal of the lamp by wire |54 to wire 143, by part of wire llt-'3 to wire 9|, and by part of wire 9|- to the negative terminal of the battery. The circuit for the filament 63 may be traced in the same way as for'signallamp 341 fromy the positive terminal of the battery up to and through wire |5|, and thence by wirey |105 to one terminal of lament 68, and from'the other terminal of this lament by way of wires 99 and |00 to wire 9|, and by part of wire 3| to the negativeA terminal of the battery 3. The positive terminal of the battery is connected to the point dwell circuit as follows-by wire 33 as far as wire |48, through the latter, contact |49, switch 53, terminal 50, wires 45| and 34, terminal |53, switch 54, contact |52, wire |53 as far as wire i55, and through the latter to the point dwell test circuit. The negative terminal of the battery is connetced to the point dwell test circuit by a wire |55 and part of wires |54, |43 and 9i. The positive terminal of meter 6 is connected to the point dwell test circuit as follows-wire |55, contact |01, switch 56, a contact |51, which is then engaged by switch 55, and a wire |58. The negative terminal of the meter is connected to the point dwell test circuit by connecting it to the plate 5G of triode 55, as follows-by wire ||3 as far as wire I4, wire i4, terminal l5, switch 55, contact |59', which switch 55 then engages, and a wire |55 to plate 55. It will be' clear that neither the engine speed test circuits nor the condenserl test circuits can be rendered operative, while the gang switch for the point dwell test is in its upper and on position, because the battery 3 is cut oil from both the engine speed and condenser test circuits by the thenfopen switch 52; the cathode 58 of triode G5 is. cut oii from the engine speed test and condenser test circuits by the disengagement of switch 54 from conta-ct |52; and the meter 6 is out off from both the last-named circuits by the disengagement of switches 55 and 55 from their respective contacts H5 and |95. The point dwell test circuit thus dominates the other two test circults.

t should be noted that when the point dwell test circuit is operative, the switch 51' is opened, which cuts on the secondary 53 of the transformer from the condenser test circuit. But for this arrangement, it would be possible to create a shunt circuit across the plate 55 and cathode 58 of triode 55 in case the handle it of the condenser test gan-g switch were left in resistance position while the point dwell test is operative. Such shunt circuit would adversely aii'ect the meter readings during the point dwell test. This shunt circuit may be traced as follows-from plate 56 by wires |24 and |25 to the th contact |25 of switch 4&3, through switch 43, a wire itil, a resistor 52 and wires 53 and |35 to one end of secondary through the secondary to its mid point and thence by wire i3i, contact |32, switch 51;, terminal' 53, wire 34 as far as a wire |54, by wire |54 to and through a variable resistor i55, and a wire i255 to wire 53 and through the latter to the cathode 55. The shunt circuit. described will pass direct current. In the point dwell test, the tube 55 is used as a unidirectional current device. The shunt would therefore prevent the tube from functioning as desired and would cause the meter to read incorrectly during the point dwell test. The switch 51 opens to prevent the difliculty described and thereby enable the meter to operate correctly on the point dwell test.

The various test circuits herein shown in connection with meter 5 are given as illustrative eX- amples of circuits suitable for purposes of this invention. Each will be described as briey as possible to complete the disclosure.

Considering iirst the condenser test. There are several test circuits, one for each position of knob l', that is one each for testing the capacity, leakage and series resistance of the condenser and one for adjusting the voltage supplied to the circuits to a predetermined value suitable for making all of these tests. In the oi position of handle I0, the condenser under test, which is connected across terminals 8 and 9, is short circuited. This short circuit is effected by a wire |61 which interconnects the first contacts |68 and |69 of switches 4| and 42, respectivelythese contacts being then engaged by their respective switches 4| and 42, which in turn are connected by wires |10 and |1| to terminals 8 and 9, respectively, and thus to the condenser under test. After the various condenser tests have been made, the knob l0 is turned back to its initial and olf position and the aforesaid short circuit will cause the condenser to be completely discharged before it is removed from the testing apparatus.

When knob |0 is moved to adjust position, the circuits shown in Fig. l2 are rendered active. The engagement of switch blade 38 with segment will cause the signal lamp 32 to be lighted, the tube 65 activated, and the transformer energized, as heretofore described. The contacts |12 and |13 of switches 4| and 42 are interconnected by wires |14, |15, and |16 and, since switches 4| and 42 are connected by wires |19 and |1|, and terminals 8 and 9 respectively, to

the condenser, which is to be tested and which is marked Cr, the condenser will be short circuited. The tube 65 is converted to a diode by interconnecting the plate 66 and grid 61, as followsthrough wires |24 and |21, inductance |28, switch 39, the interconnected contacts |11, |18 and |19 of switch 39 and a wire |80 which connects contact |19 to the grid 61. lThe switch 43 will engage contact 8| and close a circuit from the transformer secondary through a voltage divider, comprising resistors |62, |82 and |83, which may for example have the respective resistances of 15,000 ohms, 10,000 ohms and 1500 ohms. This circuit may be traced as follows-from one end terminal of secondary 69 by wires |35 and |63, resistor |62, wire |6|, switch 43, contact |8| and the contacts |84 and |85, which are interconnected therewith, wire |86, resistor |82, wire |81, resistor |83, wire |34, terminal |33, switch 51, Contact |32, wire |3| to the mid point of secondary 60. The switch 40 will engage its first contact |88 and connect the meter 6 and tube in circuit with the secondary 60, which circuit may be traced as follows-starting from one end of secondary 60, by wires |35 and |89, a resistor |90, of say 100,000 ohms resistance, wire |9I, variable resistor |92, of say 50,000 ohms resistance, wires |93, |15 and |94, contact |86, switch 40, wire ||2, contact switch 50, terminal ||0, wire |69, contact |08, switch 56, terminal |01, wire |06, meter 6, wire ||3 to the interconnected grid 61 and plate 66, through the tube to cathode 68, wire 99 as far as wire |66, thence by wire |66, a variable resistor |65, which may for example be of 500 ohms resistance, a wire |64 as far as wire |34, to the right by wire |34, terminal |33, switch 51, contact |32, and wire |3| to the mid point of the secondary 60. The tube 65 is used to rectify the alternating current for the direct current meter 6. The resistor |92 is for Calibrating purposes and is used to adjust the pointer of the meter to full scale position when the predetermined voltage is applied to a circuit. The predetermined value of voltage to be supplied is controlled by turning knob which varies the resistance value of resistor 93. Since this resistor is in series with the circuits supplying the heaters 68 of tube 65 and also the primary 59 of the transformer, it will control this voltage supplied. The reading of meter 6,`when the gang switch controlled by knob I6 is in the adjust position, is an indication of the value of the supplied voltage and the resistor 93 should be varied by turning knob until the reading of meter 6 is a predetermined value, for example, full-scale position.

Having made this adjustment, the knob |0 is turned one step to the capacity test position. The circuits then active are shown in Fig. 13. The signal lamp 32 remains lighted, the tube 65 remains activated and the primary 59 remains energized by the same circuits as before. The switch 43 engages with contact |84 and maintains closed the same circuit from the secondary 60 through the voltage divider. The switches 4| and 42 engage their respective contacts |95 and |96 and connect the condenser Czr to be tested across the resistor |83 of the voltage divider-the circuit being traced as follows-from one terminal of resistor |83 by wire |91, contact |86, switch 42, wire |1|, terminal 9, condenser C, terminal 8, wire |10, switch 4|, contact |95, wires |98 and |99, a resistor 200, which may for example be of 1000 ohms resistance, and wire 20| to the other terminal of resistor |83. The switch 40 engages contact 202 and connects the meter 6 across the terminals of resistor 200 by a circuit which may be traced as followsstarting from one terminal of resistor 200 by wire |99, wire 205, a variable resistor 204, which is used to calibrate for the capacity test and which may for example be of 2000 ohms resistance, wire 203, contact 202, switch 40, wire 2, contact switch 50, terminal ||0, wire |09, contact |08, switch 56, terminal |01, wire |06, meter 6, thence by wire ||3 to the grid 61 and by wire ||3 and |80, contact |19, contact |18, switch 39, inductance |28, wires |21 and |24, to the plate 66, through the tube to the cathode 68, by wire 99 as far as wire |66, wire |66, resistor |65, wire |64, to the left by wires |34 and 20| to the other terminal of resistor 206. The alternating current taken from across the terminals of the resistor |83 of the voltage divider is applied to the condenser Ca: to be tested through the relatively low resistance 200, which is in series with it, and the meter is connected to measure the voltage drop across this resistor 200, the current being rectified by tube 65. The current flow will be a function of the size or capacity of the condenser Cm and the voltage drop across resistor 200 is proportional to the current flow through it and thus the meter indications will reflect the capacity of the condenser Cx.

The knob |0 when turned to its next position for the leakage test causes the circuits shown in Fig. 14 to be rendered active. The switch 38, being still enga-ged with contact 45, will cause signal lamp 32 to remain active, the tube 65 to remain activated and the primary 59 of the transformer to remain energized by the same circuits as heretofore described. The switch 43 engages contact |85 and maintains closed the circuit from the secondary 60 through the voltage divider in the same manner as in the capacity test. The switches 49, 4| and 42 by engaging their respective fourth contacts 206, 201 and 208 serve to connect the condenser Cm to be tested, the meter 6 and the Calibrating resistors |90 and |92 in a series circuit across the terminals of the voltage divider. This series circuit may be traced as follows-from one terminal of the voltage divider by wire |89, resistor |20, wire Alill, varia-ble resistor |32,wires |93 and |'|5, as far as a wire 209, wire 209, contact 203, switch 42, wire lvl, terrninal 0, condenser Cx, terminal 8, wire |20, switch 4|, contact 20?, wire 2 l0, Contact 230, switch 20, wire H2, contact ||f|, switch 50, terminal ||0, wire |09, contact |03, switch 55, terminal |01, wire |20, meter 0, wires ||3 and |530, contact |79, switch 39, inductance |28, wires |27 and |22, plate 55, through the tube 55 to the cathode 53, by wire as far as wire |55, wire |15?, resistor |35, wire |54 to wire |34, and to the left by wire |34 to the other terminal of the voltage divider. Thus, rectified alternating current is applied to the condenser CJ: to be tested and the latter becomes charged. Charging occurs gradually because of the relatively high series resistance. The meter I0 `will measure current flow. The needle will rise until the condenser `Cr becomes fully charged and then will drop back to zero if there is no leakage resistance in the con-- denser. The only current ilowing after the condenser C'r is fully charged will be leakage current and this will be indicated on the scale of the meter by departure of the needle from zero position.

The series resistance test is efected when knob i0 is turned to its fifth and last position. The circuits which are then rendered active are shown in Fig. 15. The switch 33, being still engaged with contact 45, the signal lamp 32 remains lighted, the tube 05 remains activated and the primary 59 of the transformer remains energized by the same circuits as heretofore described. The engagement of switches 39, 40, 4|, e2 and i3 with their respective contacts |23, 2-||, |30, 2|2 and |26 serve to connect the parts so as to form a C'olpitts oscillator. The tank circuit oi the latter comprises the inductance |20, two condensers 2| and 2 |2' and the condenser Cx to be tested, all connected in series. Thus, one terminal of inductance |23 is connected by wire |21 to a wire |25, and the latter is connected by a wire 2 |3 to one terminal of condenser 2| the other terminal of the latter is connected by a wire 2 I4, contact 2 I2, switch i2 and wire H to terminal 9 and thus to one side of the condenser Cx; the other side of the condenser C9: is connected to terminal 0 and thence by wire |10, switch 2|, contact |35,

wire |29, wire |00 as far as a wir-e 2|3', and by f the latter to one terminal of the condenser 2|2; the other terminal of condenser 2 |2 is connected by a Wire 2| t to wire |22, through the latter, contact |23, and switch 30 to the other terminal of the inductance |23. One end terminal of the secondary 60 ci the transformer is connected by wires |35, |03, resistor |32, wire |6|, switch A3 and Contact to wire |25 and thus to one side of the tank circuit of the oscillator. The mid point of secondary is connected by wire |3|, Contact |32, switch 51 terminal |33, wire |34 as far as wire |54, wire |54, variable resistor |05, wire |56, to the left by wire 90 as far as wire |29, and wire |29 to a point in the tank circuit between the condensers C3: and 2|2. The right hand part of wire 99 connects with the cathode 00. The tube 55 becomes a triode since the connection between the plate 5B and grid 6l was broken when switch 39 became disengaged from contact |70. |213, wire |25, contact |20, switch 43, wire |0|, resistor |02 and wires |03 and |35 to one end terminal of the secondary 50. The meter 0 is connected in the grid circuit thusa wire ||3 connects the grid to one terminal of the meter and The plate 00 is connected by wire the other terminal of the 'latter is connected to the mid point of the secondary as follows-by wire 06, terminal |011, switch 55, Contact |08, wire |09, terminal ||0, switch 50, contact wire H2, switch 40, contact 2||, wires 2|5, 20| and |32, terminal |33, switch 51, contact |32, and wire |3|. The grid 81 of `tube-65 is connected to the tank circuit as follows, by wires ||3 and It, terminal H5, switch 55, contact IIS, wire ill, terminal YH3, switch 40, contact H9, wire |20, condenser |21, to wire |22, contact |23, and switch 32 which connects with one terminal of inductance |23. Connection is also made from wire |22 through wire 2|4 to one terminal of condenser Y242'. The condenser Cx to be tested is large as compared to the condensers 2| and .2 l2. rIhe impedance of the condenser to be tested is therefore small as compared to condensers 2| and 2 l2 and its insertion in the tank circuit has no appreciable effect provided it has little or no series resistance. Because of the fact that there is a relatively large current flowing inthe tank circuit the latte-r is particularly sensitive to series impedance and the introduction of series resista-nce in the tank circuit has a decided effect on the amplitude oi the oscillations therein. Thiseffect is reflected in the flow of grid current which is measured by and indicated on the meter 6. The resistance value of the variable resistor affects the bias ap plied to the triode 65 and hence aiTects the arnplitude of oscillations in the tank circuit and, as a result, the grid current measured lby meter 5 is varied. This resistor is used to calibrate the resistance test circuit.

The circuit for the engine speed test is shown separately from the others in Fig'. 16. The insertion of the plug I4 in socket |2 will move the gang switch elements to the positions shown. The signal lamp 33 will 'be lighted, the primary 5S of the transformer will be energized, and the tubes 69, 'i4 and i1 will be activated, all as heretofore described. For the speed test, the tetrode il is made to fire by, and simultaneously with, a spark plug on the engine and thus in proportion to engine speed, and the meter is made to give in dications which are proportional to the frequency of ,ring of the 'tetrode YThefull wave recti'er 05 is connected in series with a voltage divider, con prising a variable resistor 2 I0, of say 10,000 ohms, and resistor 2H and 2|8 of say 40,000 and i500 ohms respectively. This circuit may be traced as follows-starting at the cathode 'i2 by wire 2|,9, a resistor 220 of say 6500 ohms, wire 22|, re sistor 2|0, a wire 222, resistor 2|?, wire 223, ree sistor 2 I8, wire 22d, to the right by wire |30, terminal |33, switch 5i, contact |32, wire |3| to the mid point of secondary 30 and through the latter to the plates 10 of the rectifier tube 60. The tube M is connected by wires 225 and 223 to the wires 22| and 224, respectively, and tends to maintain constant voltage across these wires. The resistor 220 is a dropping resistor to permit the tube 25| to regulate the voltage by Varying the voltage drop across this resistor. A condenser 221, of say 12 mf. capacity, is connected by wires 220 and 229, respectively, across wires 2|3 and 22d, and tends to smooth out the half-cycle waves of the rectified current and yield approximate direct current in the circuit which includes the voltage divider 2 6, 2 and 2 I8. The voltage drop across the large resistor 2 l of this voltage divider is applied to the plate-cathode circuit of the tetrode 11, as followsstarting from one terminal of re sistor 2|'|, by wire 222 to and through an in ductance 2:29 to the plate 18, and from the cath-l ode 19, through three resistors 230, 23|, and 232, which have respective resistances of 20,000, 3,000 10,000 ohms, respectively, to a wire 233 which connects with wire 223 and the other terminal of resistor 2|?. The resistors 239, 23| and 232 serve to limit the current flow in the plate-cathode circuit of the tube 1'! when the latter fires. Bridged across the plate-cathode circuit of tube 11 is a condenser 234, of say .2 mf. capacity, which condenser is connected by a wire 235 to the cathode 19 and by a wire 236 and a 100 ohm resistor 231 to wire 222 and through inductance 229 to plate 18. A condenser 239, of say 200 mf. capacity, is connected by a wire 249 to wire |41 and by a wire 24| to a point between resistors 23|] and 23| and is thus bridged across the resistors 23| and 232. A condenser 242, of say .01 Inf. capacity, is bridged across the wires 224 and 233 and thus across resistor 2|3 of the voltage divider. These condensers 239 and 242 tend to absorb transient surges in their circuits. The terminals I2 and I3 are adapted to be connected by the test leads to the spark plug and the frame of the engine, respectively. These terminals I2 and I3 are connected by wires 243 and 244 to a safety spark gap 245. Each time the spark plug fires, an impulse is produced in the ignition circuit, and travels through the Wire 243, capacitor 245, to and through a wire 241, where it divides and passes in part through a variable resistor 248, and in part through a coil 249. The coil 249, and a companion coil 250, provide an inductive coupling with the trigger circuit of the tetrode 11. The other terminal of resistor 248 and coil 249 are in terconnected by a wire 25| and connected thereby to wire 223. It will be understood that this wire 25| will be capacitor-coupled in any suitable way, as through the shielding, to the ground to complete the spark impulse circuit. The trigger circuit of the tetrode may be traced as follows-from cathode 19 through resistor 239, wire 24|, condenser 239, wire 249, up wire |41, wire 233, condenser 242, wire 224, secondary coil 259, and a resistor 252 to grid 8|. The tube 11 is prevented from firing by grid bias produced by the voltage drop across resistor 2|8. No current will then flow from plate 18 to cathode 19 until the tube res. But current derived from the voltage divider by the voltage drop across resistor 2 I 1, will charge condenser 234-the circuit being from one terminal of resistor 2|1, wire 222, resistor 231, wire 236, condenser 234, wire 235, resistors 239, 23| and 232, and wires 233 and 223 to the other terminal of resistor 2| 1. The meter 6 is connected across the resistor 232 to measure the charging current for condenser 234. When a spark plug fires, a high frequency impulse is transmitted through the capacitor-coupled circuit including wire 241 and coil 249 and by the inductive coupling 249 and 259 to the trigger circuit of tube 11, whereupon the tube fires. The tube 11 is then rendered conductive and condenser 234 will discharge through the platecathode circuit as follows-from one terminal of the condenser by wire 236, resistor 231, wire 222, inductance 229, plate 18, through the tube to cathode 19, and wire 235 to the other terminal of the condenser. As this discharge occurs, the voltage drops rapidly and the tube 11 stops firing as soon as the voltage drops below its minimum conducting voltage. The meter measures the average charging current flowing into the condenser 234. This average current will increase and decrease with the increase and decrease in the frequency of charging the condenser 234. For example, if this condenser is charged l0 times a second, the meter reading will be twice that obtained if the condenser is charged 5 times a second. The frequency of charging corresponds to the frequency of discharging. The meter indications therefore depend on the rate of spark plug firing and thus on engine speed.

In connection with the engine speed test circuit, there is a switch 49 which, when this test is made operative, disengages from a Contact ||9 and breaks a circuit, through which it would otherwise be possible, if an operator left the condenser test knob I9 in resistance test position, to apply a bias to the grid 8| of the tetrode 1'! and cause the latter to fire erratically. Referring to Fig. 11, this circuit will be traced as if the contact ||9 and the terminal ||8 were connected together and to the switch 49 and as if switch 49 is engaged with contact |46, as it is when the speed test is made operative. Commencing at one end of the secondary of the transformer, by wires |35 and |63, resistor |62, wire |6I, switch 43, contact |26, wires |25 and |21, inductance |28, switch 39, contact |23, wire |22, condenser |2|, wire |20, contact ||9 and terminal I8 (which are assumed to be engaged), switch 49, contact |46, wires |41 and 233, resistor 2| 8, up wire 224 to wire |34, to the right by wire |34, contact |33, switch 51, contact |32 and wire |3| to the mid point of the secondary 69. This circuit, if permitted to exist during the engine speed test, would cause alternating current to flow through resistor 2|8. The voltage developed across this resistor forms a bias applied to the grid of the tetrode 11 and should be direct current, as heretofore described. The alternating current through the resistor 2|8 would cause the tetrode 11 to iire erratically and prevent the engine speed test from functioning properly. Hence, the switch 49 is arranged to break the circuit by disengaging the contact ||9 from terminal I8 to prevent the possible adverse condition in case an operator carelessly leaves the condenser test knob |0 in resistance position.

Referring next to Fig. 17, the point dwell test will next be described. It will be necessary to consider the point dwell circuit of the motor analyzer in connection with the low tension ignition circuit of the engine being tested. Such low tension ignition circuit, as indicated, includes the storage battery 252', primary ignition coil 253, breaker points 254 and 255-all connected in series by wires 256, 251 and 258-and the usual condenser 259 which is lbridged across the breaker points 254 and 255. The lead wires 2| and 2| at one end are connected on opposite sides of the breaker points, as to wires 256 and 258, and at their other ends by the described prong terminals I9 and 29, which are thrust in sockets I1 and I8, respectively, of receptacle I6 and thereby cause the gang switch for the point dwell test to be moved to the on position shown. The signal lamp 34 will be lighted and the tube will be activated, as before described. The battery 3 is connected across a voltage divider comprising two resistors 260 and 26| which are connected in series. The circuit to the voltage divider may be traced as follows-from the positive terminal of battery 3 by wires 83 and |48, contact |49, switch 53, terminal |50, wires 5| and |94, terminal |93, switch 54, contact |52 and by wire |53 as far as wire |55, and by wire |55 to'resistors 269 and 26| and thence by wires |56, part of wire |54, part of wire |43, and part of wire 9| to the negative terminal of nected by wires 266 and 261 to resistors 268 and 266 which are connected in series. The adjacent terminals of these resistors are connected together and to wire |56 by a wire 216. Wire |56 is connected by a wire 21|, inductance 212 and wire 216 to socket i6. Wire 266 is connected by a wire 214 to socket |1.

The meter 6 has its positive terminal connected to wire 216, and thus to both resistors 268 and 269 and to one side of the breakers 254 and 255 in the ignition circuit of the engine being tested, by a circuit which may be traced as follows-wire |66, terminal |61, switch 56, contact S51, and wire |56 to wire 216. The negative terminal of the meter is connected to the plate 66 oi" tube 65 by a circuit which may be traced as followsbi7 wire H6 to wire H6, wire H4, terminal H5, switch 55, contact E59, wire |66, and part of wire |243 to the plate 56. rlhe grid 61 is connected by wire ||3 to wire H6 and thus to the plate 66. rThe tube 65 thus becomes a diode and its' action in the point dwell test is as a valve to permit iiow of current through the meter 6 in one, and the proper direction only. Preliminary to making the point dwell test, the switch 263 is moved to engage contact 264 and the resistor 262 is adjusted by turning knob 22 until the needle or the meter reads full scale. The meter 6, resistors 26B, 262 and 26| and tube 65 are then included in a series circuit, which may beV traced as followsfrom the point between resistors 266 and 265, through variable resistor 262, switch 266, contact 264, wire 26|, resistor 266, wires 216 and |56, contact |51, switch 56, terminal |61, wire |66, meter 6, wire ||3 as far as wire |44, wire H4, terminal H5, switch 55, contact |55, wire |66 to plate 66, through tube to cathode 66, thence by wires 69 and |06, to the right by wire 6l, to wire |43, wire |43 as far as wire |54, wire |54 as far as wire |56, and

wire 56 to resistor 26|. After meter 6 has been adjusted for iull scale reading, switch 263 is moved to engage contact 265. This cuts out of circuit resistor 266 and throws into circuit the resistor 266 which is of proper Value to compensate for the eilect ci the breaker points 254 and 255 when functioning in their normal manner. It will now be observed that the E. M. F. from battery 252 is bucking the E. M. F. derived from the voltage divider. rlhis voltage divider, which includes the resistors 266 and 26|, is included for the purpose of providing in the circuit, which includes the meter 6 and plate 66 and cathode 68, a voltage less than that of battery 252' and less than that appearing across the breaker points 254 vand 255, when open. The battery 252 yields 6 volts. When the breaker points 254 and 255 are open, the larger voltage of battery 252 opposes the smaller voltage from the voltage divider and the net result would Ibe a voltage equal to the diilerence but in the reverse direction except for the fact that tube 66 prevents ow in the reverse direction, wherefore the meter reading is reduced to zero. Whenever the breaker points 254 and 255 are closed, the battery 252' is confined to the ignition circuit with vthe result that the meter 6 shows a full scale reading under the voltage derived from the voltage divider. rThe scale band of the meter may be graduated in percentage of point dwell-being 100 per cent when the breaker points are closed all the time. With the engine running, the breaker points, of course, open and close and the meter current ows intermittently. The meter 6 being heavily damped will integrate and measure the average value of the current which is directly proportional to the time that current is flowing and thus to the time that the breaker points are closed.

Referring now to the meter 1, this is used in connection with three test circuits as follows-a rst circuit for testing the ignition coil, a second circuit for testing voltage and a third circuit for analyzing the exhaust gas from the engine. These test circuits disclose another embodiment of the invention by the interlocking of the several circuits so that only one @an be operative at a time and so that some circuits dominate others.

Referring to Fig. 2, it will be seen that the space below meter 1 on panel 5 is marked orf to show various appliances associated with each test circuit. For the coil test there is a receptacle 215 having sockets 216 and 211 adapted for connection by test leads, similar to 2| and 2|' used in connection with the point dwell test, to the primary terminals of an ignition coil while on shelf 6. This receptacle and the plug on its test leads, like receptacle i6 and the plug used therewith, are so constructed that each test lead can be connected only with the proper socket. There are also sockets 218 and 219 adapted to receive plugs, which are similar to 4 shown in Fig. 9 and which are connected to high tension test leads, such as i5, adapted for connection to the secondary terminals of the ignition coil. Then there are switch handles 286 and 28|, and a knob 282 rotatable to make an adjustment to be later described. In addition, there is mounted on the panel 5 so as to be visible through a window 283 therein, a standard breaker mechanism 284 including fixed and movable breaker points 2-85 and 286 which are actuated by a cam 281, xed on the shaft 288 of, and driven by, an electric motor 289, as diagrammatically indicated in Fig. 18.

For the voltage test, there is simply a receptacle 266, like the receptacle I6, and having sockets 29| land 292 to receive prongs on test leads such as those shown at 2| and 2| in Fig. 8. The receptacle, and the plug engaged therewith, are irreversible so that it is insured that the proper terminals of the meter 1 will be connected to the proper terminals of whatever source of voltage is to be tested.

For the exhaust gas analyzer, there is a nipple 293, adapted for connection with one end of the rubber hose 294, shown in Fig. lO-the other end of this hose having a bent metal terminal 295, adapted for insertion into the exhaust pipe of the engine being tested` and to be frictionally held therein by the springs 296. Above the nipple 293 is an adjusting screw 261. Above the latter a rotatable knob 296, adapted to be turned to either of the three positions indicated and which are, reading from left to right, oiff adjust and test positions. Above knob 29e is a similar rotatable knob 299.

The meter 1 is generally like the meter 6. In particular, it has three scale bands 366, 36| and 362 (Fig. 2) which are graduated appropriately for the coil test, voltmeter test and exhaust gas 1.7 test, respectively.Y Theseeiscale.bands-300,v 30I'and 302. are arrangedwithelectric signal .lamps 3.0.3, 304: and 305, respectively,in the samevgeneral manner shown .in Fig. 3, .iniconnectionwith me,- ter 6.

Referring now to` Fig. 18, ,thereis a gangswitch for each of the three test circuits associatedwith meter 1. The gang switch fortheignitioncoil test circuitis represented diagrammatically'. by three pivotedswitehes 306, 301 and308; having terminals 309, 3I0 and 3l .I respectively. These switches 306,301 and 308 are movable from an off position, in which theyrrespectively :engage contacts 312, 3I3 and 314, to an on position, in which they respectively engagev contacts 315,1 316 and 3|1, respectively. Theseseveral switches are interconnected for simultaneous operation, as in* dicated by the dotted linev 318, and` they are adapted to be moved from o1to on position,

when the plug on one of the hightensiontest leads is thrust into the socket 218.

For the voltage test circuit, there is agang switch representedby three -pivoted switches 3| 9, 320 and 32E, having respective terminals 322', 323 and 324. These switchesl 319, 320-and 32|- are movable from an 01T position, in which they respectively engagecontacts- 325, 326' and 321, to anton position, in` which theyv respectively engage contacts 328, 329 and 330. These several switches are interconnected for simultaneous ope eration, as indicated by the dotted line 33|, and they are adapted tocbe moved from oiF rto on position, when the prongsfon the plug on the vtest leads are thrust intosockets 29| and 292.

For thegas. analyzertest, there is a gang switch represented by threepivoted switches 332, 333 and 334, having terminals 335, 3316 vand 331; respectively. These switches are interconnected for simultaneous operation, as indicated by the dotted line 338, and vthey are movable by turning the knob 298 on panel 5, from the off position shown to an adjustl position, in .which switches 332, 333 and 334 engage contacts 339,340 and .341, respectively, and from the adjust positionto a test position, in which switches 332, 333. and 334 engagecontacts 342', 343 and 344, respectively.

The same battery 3, used for the.. test circuits associated with meter `6, maybe used .for thetest circuits associatedwith meter 1. This battery is connected to the signal lamps asfollows.v The r positive terminal of this battery isfconnected by a wire 345 to terminal 309 of switch 306. The contact 312 of this switch is connected bya wire 346 to the terminal 322 of switch 319 and the contact ,.325 of the latter is connected byra wire 341 to the terminal 335 of switch Y322. The contact 315 of switch 306 is connected byawire 348 to one terminal of signal lamp 3 03 and they other terminal thereof is connected to a return wire 349 leading to the negative terminal of battery 3` The contact 32-8 of .switch 319 isconnectedby a wire 350 to one termi-nal of sign-al lamp304 and the other terminalof the latter is. connectedby a wire 351 to return wire 349. The contacts 339 and 342 of switch 332 are interconnected by a conductor 352and the contact 339 is connected by a wire 353 to one terminalof signal lamp 305.- the other terminalof which is connected. by a wire 354 to return wire 349.

The battery is also adapted to be connected vvto the electric motor.289, which operates the breaker mechanism 284 and 'periodically disengages and engages the breaker points 285.. and .286,` and to terminals 216 and 211and thus tothe primary ofthe ignition coil'tov be tested. These connections are madethrough a switch 355 adapted to beoperated by the handle 280 described. The contact .356 of this switch is connected by a wire 351.to wire .348.andthus to contact3i5 of switch 306 and, whenswitch306 is closed, tothe positive terminal of .battery 3. The terminal 353 of switch 355 isconnected by Wire358 to, one terminal of motor. 289.. and the. other terminal of the latter is. connected'. by a wire 360to the negative terminalof. battery 3. Connected to wire 359 is a Wire 3.6i leading to the socket 216 oi receptacle 2.15. The socketv 211 is connected to a resistor 362. andby a. wire 393 to breaker point 285, and theimating breaker. point 286 is connected by a wire..36 to. wire 369 and thus to the negative terminal of battery 3. Resistor 362 is normally shuntedoutby a switch. 365, the terminals of which are connected by wires 366 and 361 to opposite. terminals of. the resistor. By opening switch 365, vresistance is introduced into the low tension .ignition circuit to lower the voltage applied to the primary of the ignition coil and simulate'a cold starting condition.

The .battery 3 is also adapted to be connected tothe? exhaust gas analyzer test circuit. For this purpose, the interconnected contacts 342 and 3390i switch. 332 are connected through a portion of wire 353 to a Wire 358, which connects with a variable resistor 359. rlhis resistor is connected by a wire 330 to a resistor 311. The latter is, .connected by a wire 312 to one input terminal 3.13 of the. bridge circuit of the exhaust gas analyzer. The other input terminal 314 of the bridgeA circuit is connected by a wire 315 to wire 369:.andthus to the negative terminal of battery 3.

The meter 1 has its positive terminal connected. through a wire 315, choke coil 311 and a Wire 318 to terminal 310 o1" switch 301 and its negative. terminal is connected by a wire 319 to terminal'3l of switch 393. The upper terminals 316 and3i1 of switches 331 and 303 are adapted to be connected to the secondary of the ignition coil to' be tested. Thus, contact 3l6 is connected through a wire 366, a variable spark gap 381. and a wire 382 to positive socket 218. The contact 3E? is connected by a wire 383 to socket 219.` A resistor of say ohms, is bridged across the wires 369 and 383 and this resistor. is a meter shunt, used to reduce the sensitivity of the meter so that a moderate reading is obtained. The variable spark gap 38E is adjustableby turning knob 282 on panel 5 and presenceor absence of a spark across the gap may be observed through a window 985 on the panel 5. The knob 282 has a pointer 335 which plays over a suitably calibrated scale 381, which may for example be graduated in sixteenths of an inch of spark gap and in pounds per square inch compression of the fuel` mixture which can be ignited by sparks of various lengths.

The meter 1 is connected to the vvoltmeter test circuit as. follows. Wires 338 and 339 connect the lower contacts and 3H; of switches 30.? and308-to the terminals 323 and. 323 of switches 320.and 32|, respectively. The upper contact 329 of switch 329 is connected by a wire a resistor 394 and a wire 332 to socket Sii. The upper contact 330.01" switch 32g is connected: by a wire 393-.to socket.292.

The meter 1 is also adapted forconnection to the adjust and to the test circuits.: of the exhaust gas analyzer. The lower contacts 326 and 321 of switches 326 and 33t are connected 

